Aorto-Femoral Bypass Graft is a surgical procedure that redirects the blood flow from the large, blocked arteries in the abdomen and groin region. It is also known as aorto-bifemoral bypass graft and involves placing an artificial graft made of synthetic materials.
The graft is a Y-shaped artificial blood vessel sewn into the blood vessels to redirect blood from the aorta to the femoral arteries, bypassing the blockage.
How is aorto-femoral bypass graft performed?
Before surgery: Before surgery, the doctor will recommend blood tests to assess the patient’s medical condition.
The patient will undergo a pre-anaesthetic check-up (PAC). Once the PAC approval is received, the patient is required to disclose his medical history and current medications he may be taking. The doctor may advise to discontinue certain medicines which may interfere with the surgery.
It is also advised to quit smoking and consuming alcohol a few days before the surgery.
During surgery: The healthcare professional will administer general anaesthesia. Once the patient is unconscious, an incision each will be made in your abdomen and groin regions to place the graft.
The surgeon will sew the single end of the graft into the aorta in the abdominal region and the open ends into the femoral arteries in the groin region.
The surgeon will restore the blood flow and close the incisions.
After surgery: After the surgery, the patient will be under close monitoring for 12-24 hours. The healthcare professionals will constantly examine the patient’s vital parameters during this observation period.
Once the patient regains consciousness, they will move him to ward/room in the hospital.
Cost of the aorto-femoral bypass graft
The surgery is a major, invasive surgery that involves general anaesthesia. The cost may differ based on location, hospitals, and facilities.
| Description | Cost |
|---|---|
| Cost of surgery in Hyderabad | INR 3,60,000-4,20,000 |
| Cost of surgery in India | INR 3,50,000-4,20,000 |
| Surgery details | Description |
|---|---|
| Number of days in the hospital | 4 to 7 days |
| Type of surgery | Major |
| Type of Anaesthesia | General anaesthesia |
| Number of days required to recover | 4 to 6 weeks |
| Duration of the procedure | 3 to 5 hours |
| Type of surgical options available | Invasive |
Risks and complications of the aorto-femoral bypass graft
Risk factors
Risk factors associated with aorto-femoral bypass graft include the following:
- Smoking
- Lung disease
- Cardiac complications
- Advanced age
- Comorbid conditions
- Bleeding disorders
Complications
Heart attack is the main complication associated with aorto-femoral bypass graft, as this procedure makes the heart work harder. Other issues of the aorto-femoral bypass graft could include:
- Graft infection
- Wound infection
- Hypersensitivity to graft
- Bleeding during surgery
- Stroke
- Deep vein thrombosis
- Pulmonary embolism
- Sexual dysfunction
- Leg swelling
- Death
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Frequently Asked Questions about Aorto-Femoral Bypass Graft
The patient will need at least 4-6 weeks to recover from the femoral bypass surgery and start with the routine activities. However, it might take up to 3 months for a complete recovery in case of complications.
The patient should get his regular follow-ups done after the surgery to ensure complication-free recovery.
Aorto-femoral bypass is a major surgery under general anaesthesia that involves major blood vessels in the abdomen and pelvic region. It involves placing an artificial graft in the body and sewing it to major blood vessels in the stomach and groin.
A skilful surgery is required to avoid complications.
Aorto-femoral bypass is a major invasive procedure involving incisions, placing the Y-shaped graft, redirecting the blood supply, and closing the incisions.
The procedure usually lasts for around 3-5 hours; however, additional time and interventions might be necessary in case of complications.
Yes, the patient can live a normal life after bypass surgery. He will need an initial 2-3 months to recover completely, and start routine activities.
This surgery is quite successful; however, the patient needs regular follow-ups and should take a few precautions directed by the surgeon.
The patient is advised to take a healthy and well-balanced diet that includes a good mix of proteins, vitamins, minerals, good fats, and fibre. He should avoid high-salt foods, junk food, sodas, and foods rich in sugar content and saturated fats.
It is advised to quit or cut down on alcohol as well.
Following the aorto-femoral bypass surgery, the patient should:
- Avoid overexerting himself and rest when tired.
- Avoid strenuous activities such as running, weight lifting, aerobics, sprinting, etc.
- Avoid stressful situations.
- Avoid rubbing or massaging the incisions as it could lead to bleeding.
- Avoid straining himself to lift things or excessive bending.
In the majority of the cases of aorto-femoral bypass surgery, patients experience leg swelling.
The leg oedema is due to various simultaneous mechanisms and factors such as fluid collection and microvascular and macrovascular changes. The leg swelling tends to worsen when there is no movement after the surgery, and it will usually resolve in a few months.
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