What is the Phosphorus Test?

The normal range for this test is 2.8 to 4.5 mg/dL in adults and 4.0 to 7.0 mg/dL in children. This range may vary slightly from laboratory to laboratory. It is best to speak with a doctor to understand the specific meaning of the test results. Abnormally high or low phosphorus levels are a sign of an underlying health concern.

If a patient shows any symptoms of abnormal phosphorus levels – unexplained weakness, sudden fatigue, bone disorders – a doctor may suspect an issue with the kidneys. A lower or higher level of this mineral could also signal uncontrolled diabetes, severe malnutrition, endocrine disorders, or hormonal imbalance. Suspecting such conditions, a doctor recommends a phosphorus test. 

During a phosphorus test, a healthcare professional draws blood from the vein. The patient feels a small prick or sting in the chosen area (usually the back of the arm or opposite end of the elbow). There might be some soreness felt after the test is complete. Usually, there are no side effects of this procedure. 

Some patients are required to fast for 12 hours before undergoing this test. A patient must adhere to the instructions provided by a doctor. It could also include eliminating certain medications (antacids, laxatives, diuretics) that may alter or hamper the test result. It is essential to remember not to stop any medication without the advice of a doctor.

An excessive phosphorus level (hyperphosphatemia) in the bloodstream points to impaired kidney function. Other conditions indicating elevated phosphorus levels are:

• Diabetic ketoacidosis (a life-threatening condition in diabetics)
• Kidney failure
• Liver disease
• Osteoporosis
• Overuse of laxatives
• Dietary problems
• Low calcium levels
• Cell lysis
• Impaired parathyroid gland function (hypoparathyroidism)

Medically known as hyperphosphatemia or a high phosphorus level in the body, this condition is considered harmful. A patient with elevated phosphorus levels may feel fatigued, weak, have red eyes, experience uncontrolled itching, or notice muscle and joint pain. Sometimes, a patient may also feel constipated, nauseous, or even vomit. It is advisable to seek the opinion of a doctor.

Phosphorus is an essential mineral that aids in the growth of strong bones and teeth. It also plays a vital role in nerve signaling and muscle contraction. A doctor recommends the phosphorus test to diagnose or monitor certain conditions. These include chronic kidney disorders, bone conditions, and parathyroid ailments. Too high or too low levels of phosphorus could signal a medical condition. 

Doctors prohibit the consumption of certain foods 12 hours before the test since they might alter the results. These include cheese, milk, beer, chocolate, soda, and beans. Higher phosphorus levels can also be seen in patients consuming certain medications or undergoing dialysis. It is advisable to speak with a doctor before undergoing this test.

Phosphorus deficiency or hypophosphatemia is an uncommon condition. At-risk people could be alcoholics, diabetics, malnourished children, or those with inherited disorders. Some common symptoms are fatigue, anxiety, sudden weight loss, stiffness in joints, irritability, low tolerance for exercise, and severe weakness. Children with low phosphorus may also undergo growth impairments or teeth and bone development concerns.

If you're wondering what the phosphorus test results mean, get a free second opinion from our experts (available 24x7). Book an appointment with us today at Yashoda Hospitals.