what is Mantoux Test??

Your test results usually mention the diameter of the induration (localised swelling at the test site). The reference range of the induration is 0-15 millimetres at an increment of 5 mm, 10 mm and 15 mm. An induration size of more than 15 mm is considered positive in a normal patient. A swelling of less than 4 mm is considered negative.

If your doctor suspects you have TB, he may recommend the Mantoux test. If you have any of the symptoms indicated below, you should visit your doctor and take the test:

• Night sweats, unexplained weight loss, tiredness
• Fever, loss of appetite, cough that lasts for a long time
• Bloodstained sputum, laboured breathing
• Chest discomfort, coughing up blood
• Cough that has lasted for more than three weeks

The test involves injecting 5 TU (tuberculin units) of purified protein derivative (PPD) into the uppermost layer of the skin. After the injection, there should be a pale and distinct elevation of the skin ranging from 6-10mm in diameter.

You need a Mantoux test when:

• You are showing symptoms of TB
• You have spent time with someone who has TB
• You have visited a place where TB is prevalent 
• You are a healthcare provider who provides treatment for an individual at high risk of TB
• In addition, infants, children and adolescents who are exposed to people at high risk of TB will need to take a test.

A positive Mantoux test means you may have a TB infection. your doctor may recommend another blood test or a chest X-ray to determine the type of TB infection. There may also be a sputum test to look for infections. Following the diagnosis, your doctor will start your medication and discuss treatment options with you.

Yes, you might develop a fever as a side effect after taking the Mantoux test. However, the Mantoux skin test rarely causes any side effects. A person who has been exposed to TB germs, on the other hand, may occasionally have a significant reaction that causes moderate itching, swelling or discomfort. These kinds of responses should subside within one to two weeks.

During the test, a small amount of PPD tuberculin is injected into the skin of your forearm. A small, firm red bump will form within 48 to 72 hours at the injection site if you already have a latent tuberculosis infection. If you have a severe skin reaction, you may require a chest X-ray to determine whether you have active tuberculosis. You will not react to the Mantoux test if you do not have an infection.

A Mantoux test is an essential tool that aids in the diagnosis of TB. It is a useful diagnostic technique for identifying latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The test can also be used to detect an active infection. Sometimes your doctor may recommend additional tests to confirm the diagnosis. 

TB is an infectious disease that primarily affects the lungs. The TB bacteria are spread by small droplets that are sprayed into the air when you cough and sneeze. TB is potentially fatal if left untreated. An untreated active illness primarily affects the lungs, but it can impact other parts of the body as well.

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